Research Paper
Year: 2023 | Month: April-June | Volume: 7 | Issue: 2 | Pages: 59-64
DOI: https://doi.org/10.52403/gijash.20230209
Development of a Dengue Epidemiological Surveillance Information System for Early Aware with a Geographical Information System in the Pidie Jaya Health Service Area
Setiana
Universitas Prima Indonesia
ABSTRACT
Introduction: Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is an infectious disease that often causes extraordinary events (KLB) in Indonesia. This disease has a fast disease course, spreads easily and can cause death in a short time.
Predicting the incidence of dengue hemorrhagic fever in an area has so far been carried out based on endemicity stratification, maximum−minimum patterns and 3−5 year cycle according to epidemiological surveillance data. There are weaknesses in this method of prediction due to changing data ahead of the dengue transmission season and the absence of up-to-date risk factor data, so predictions are often incorrect. DHF risk factor data can be used to determine the type of intervention, so that DHF events can be prevented according to the early warning concept.
Some of the epidemiological surveillance data produced is still processed manually and semi-automatically with limited presentation in the form of tables and graphs, while the presentation in the form of maps has not been done. Based on this fact, a DHF epidemiological surveillance system for early warning based on Geographic Information System (GIS) was developed. In this system, DHF risk factors are collected through a Rapid Survey just before the transmission season to obtain the latest data to determine the type of intervention. With GIS, risk factor maps, case maps and other activity maps can be produced, and with the overlay technique planning and evaluation of DHF eradication programs can be carried out.
Objectives: "How is the Development of a DHF Epidemiological Surveillance Information System Using a Geographic Information System that Can Be Used for Early Alertness in Pidie Jaya District?"
Material and Method: The research to be carried out is an operational research because it includes system development to be able to solve the weaknesses of the current system. The system development approach uses the FAST (Framework for the Application of System Techniques) method according to the FAST stages.
Result: In the last 5 years (2016− 2020), DHF cases in the Pidie Jaya health center area have continued to increase, with 32 cases recorded (2016); 72 cases (in 2017); 115 cases (in 2018); 152 cases (in 2019) and the highest in 2020 was 285 cases, 6 of them died, so that in 2016 the Health Center in Pidie Jaya was declared an Extraordinary Dengue Event (KLB) of DHF.This is different from the theory which states that the peak incidence of recurrent DHF follows a 5-year cycle, where outbreaks usually recur within 5 years. With this fact, the 5-year cycle should not be the main basis for predicting outbreaks in the framework of early warning.
The results of the analysis by person are not immediately known, because the distribution by age group has not yet been recorded in the DHF program activity report format. Likewise, the distribution by sex has also not been obtained, even though in the DP-DHF form there is an age variable, but it is often not included in reporting.
Conclusion: The DHF Epidemiology Surveillance Information System which has been running so far has many weaknesses
The DHF Epidemiological Surveillance Information System that has been running so far has not been able to predict the possibility of a spike in cases in the context of early warning
In the preliminary study of the DHF Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, it was found that there are expectations, needs, opportunities, directions and policies that support the development of the Epidemiological Surveillance Information System.
In designing the DHF Epidemiology Surveillance Information System with GIS, a data base was built, namely Province files , Regency files , District files , Village files , Community Health Center files, patient files , PE files, 3M movement files , PJB files , and rapid survey files
Evidenced by the assessment of system performance evaluation where all respondents stated that they almost strongly agreed (overall average = 4.72). While the old system respondents said they did not agree (overall average = 1.78).
Keywords: DHF, Rapid Survey, GIS
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